The first major civilization in india was Indus Valley Civilization, which widen in the northwestern
part of the Indian subcontinent from bc. 3300 to 1300 BC.with the help of new technology in Mature
Harappan period, from BC 2600 to 1900 the urban culture developed .This Bronze Age civilization
collapsed before the end of the second millennium BCE and was followed by the Iron Age Civilization,
which extended over much of the Indo-Gangetic plain and which witnessed the rise of major polities known
as the Mahajanapadas
Almost all of the subcontinent was conquered by the Maurya Empire during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE
It subsequently became spred, with various parts ruled by numerous Middle kingdoms for the next 1,500
years. This is known as the classical period of Indian history, during which India has sometimes been
estimated to have had the largest economy of the ancient and medieval world, controlling between one
third and one fourth of the world's wealth up to the 18th century.
Much of northern and central India was once again united in the 4th century CE, and remained so for two
centuries thereafter, under the Gupta Empire. This period, witnessing a Hindu religious and intellectual
resurgence, is known among its admirers as the "Golden Age of India". During the same time, and for
several centuries afterwards, southern India, under the rule of the Chalukyas, Cholas, Pallavas, and
Pandyas, experienced its own golden age. During this period, aspects of Indian civilization,
administration, culture, and religion (Hinduism and Buddhism) spread to much of Asia.
The southern state of Kerala had business links with the Roman Empire from around 77 CE. Islam was
introduced in Kerala through this route by Muslim traders. Muslim rule in the subcontinent began in 712
CE when the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh and Multan in southern Punjab in modern day
Pakistan which lead to the formation of Muslim empires in the Indian subcontinent such as the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.Mughal rule came from Central Asia to cover most of the northern parts of the subcontinent. Mughalrulers introduced Central Asian art and architecture to India. In addition to the Mughals and various Rajput kingdoms, several independent Hindu states, such as the Vijayanagara Empire, the Maratha Empire, and the Ahom Kingdom, flourished contemporaneously in southern, western, and northeastern India respectively.
The Mughal Empire suffered a gradual decline in the early 18th century, which provided opportunities for the Afghans, Balochis, Sikhs, and Marathas to exercise control over large areas in the northwest of the subcontinent until the British East India Company capture india Begining of the middle of 18th century and over next century india was under british east india company
and latter after a historic independence move india get INDEPENDENT IN AUGUST 15 1947