Bihar
Bihar is divided into 9 divisions and 37 districts, and has Patna as its capital. It has a very rich history.Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at 38,202 sq mi (98,940 km2) and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India.Bihar lies mid-way between West Bengal in the east and Uttar Pradesh in the west. It is bounded by the country of Nepalto the north and by Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two parts by the river Ganges which flows through the middle from west to east. Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764.14 km²,which is 6.8% of its geographical area. Hindi and Urdu are the official languages of the state, while the majority of the people speak Angika, Bhojpuri,Magadhi, Maithili and Bajjika.
| Country |  India |
|---|---|
| Region | Angika Region, Bhojpur Region, Magadh Region, Mithila Region |
| Division | Patna, Tirhut, Saran,Darbhanga, Kosi, Purnia,Bhagalpur, Munger,Magadha |
| Established | 1912 (as Bihar) |
| Capital | Patna |
| Largest city | Patna |
| Districts | 38 total |
| Government | |
| • Body | Government of India,Government of Bihar |
| • Governor | Devanand Konwar |
| • Chief Minister | Nitish Kumar (JDU) |
| • Legislature | Bicameral (243 + 75 seats) |
| • Parliamentary constituency | 40 |
| • High Court | Patna High Court |
| Area | |
| • Total | 94,163 km2 (36,356.5 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 12th |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 103,804,637 |
| • Rank | 3rd |
| • Density | 1,102.4/km2 (2,855.2/sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| UN/LOCODE | INBR |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-BR |
| Vehicle registration | BR |
| HDI |  0.449 (low) |
| HDI rank | 28th (2005) |
| Literacy | 63.82% (28th) 73.4% (male) 53.3% (female) |
| Official languages | Hindi, Urdu, Maithili,Magahi. |
Bihar is divided into 9 divisions and 37 districts, and has Patna as its capital. It has a very rich history.Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at 38,202 sq mi (98,940 km2) and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India.Bihar lies mid-way between West Bengal in the east and Uttar Pradesh in the west. It is bounded by the country of Nepalto the north and by Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two parts by the river Ganges which flows through the middle from west to east. Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764.14 km²,which is 6.8% of its geographical area. Hindi and Urdu are the official languages of the state, while the majority of the people speak Angika, Bhojpuri,Magadhi, Maithili and Bajjika.
Bihar is a vast stretch of fertile plain. It is drained by the Ganges River, including its northern tributaries Gandak and Koshi, originating in the Nepal Himalayas and the Bagmati originating in the Kathmandu Valley that regularly flood parts of the Bihar plains. The total area covered by the state of Bihar is 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi). the state is located between 21°-58'-10" N ~ 27°-31'-15" N latitude and between 83°-19'-50" E ~ 88°-17'-40" E longitude. Its average elevation above sea level is 173 feet (53 m).
The Ganges divides Bihar into two unequal halves and flows through the middle from west to east. Other Ganges tributaries are the Son River, Budhi Gandak, Chandan, Orhani and Falgu. Though the Himalayas begin at the foothills, a short distance inside Nepal and to the north of Bihar, the mountains influence Bihar's landforms, climate, hydrology and culture. Central parts of Bihar have some small hills, for example the Rajgir hills. To the south is the Chota Nagpur plateau, which was part of Bihar until 2000 but now is part of a separate state called Jharkhand
The economy of Bihar is largely service oriented, but it also has a significant agricultural base. The state also has a small industrial sector. As of 2008, agriculture accounted for 35%, industry 9% and service 55% of the economy of the state. Among all the sector, manufacturing sector performed very poorly in the state between 2002–2006, with an average growth rate of 0.38% compared to India's 7.8%. Bihar was the lowest GDP per capita in India, although there are pockets of higher than the average per capita income.Between 1999 and 2008, GDP grew by 5.1% a year, which was below the Indian average of 7.3%. More recently, Bihar's state GDP recorded a growth of 18% between 2006–2007, and stood at 94251 Crores Rupees ($21 billion nominal GDP). Between a 5 year period of 2004–2009, Bihar's GDP grew at a stunning rate of 11.03%.This makes Bihar the fastest growing major state. In actual terms, Bihar state GDP was ranked 2nd out of 28 states, ranking it next only to Gujarat.
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