Tripura
Tripura is the third smallest state of India, based on total area. Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to the east. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are Bengali and Kokborok. It was formerly an independent Tripuri kingdom and was merged with independent India on 15 October 1949 by the Tripura Merger Agreement. It was also known as "Hill Tippera" (anglicized version of Tipra) during the British Raj period and has a history of over 2500 years and 186 kings.
| Country |  India |
|---|---|
| Established | 21 January 1972 |
| Capital | Agartala |
| Largest city | Agartala |
| Districts | 4 |
| Government | |
| • Governor | D Y Patil |
| • Chief Minister | Manik Sarkar (CPI(M)) |
| • Legislature | Unicameral (60 seats) |
| • Parliamentary constituency | 2 |
| • High Court | Gauhati High Court |
| Area | |
| • Total | 10,491.69 km2 (4,050.9 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 26th |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 3,671,032 |
| • Rank | 21st |
| • Density | 349.9/km2 (906.2/sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-TR |
| HDI |  0.608 (medium) |
| HDI rank | 23rd (2005) |
| Literacy | 87.75% (4th) |
| Official languages | Bengali, Kokborok |
Tripura finds mentions in the Mahabharata, the Puranas and pillar inscriptions of Emperor Ashoka. Tripura has a long historic past, its unique tribal culture and a fascinating folklore.In the distant past Tripura was known as Kirat Desh.
Tripura was a princely state. The Tripuri Kings (bubagra) held the title of Manikya and ruled Tripura for 3000 years until its merger with the union of India. Udaipur, in South Tripura district, was the capital of the Kingdom. The capital was shifted to Old Agartala by King Krishna Manikya in the eighteenth century, and then to the present Agartala in the 19th Century. The 19th century marked the beginning of Tripura's modern era, when King Bir Chandra Manikya Bahadur Debbarma modeled his administration on the pattern of British India and enacted various reforms.
The Ganamukti Parishad movement led to the integration of the kingdom with India signed by the Regent Maharani on September 9, 1947 and the administration of the state was actually taken over by the Govt. of India on October 15, 1949 within Assam state. Tripura became a Union Territory without legislature with effect from November 1, 1956 and a popular ministry was installed in Tripura on July 1, 1963. On January 21, 1972 Tripura attained statehood. Tripura was heavily affected by the partition of India and the majority of the population now comprises Bengalis, many of whom came as refugees from East Pakistan after independence in 1947.
Armed conflict in Tripura has been a problem since the end of the 1970s as an aftermath of Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Mass migration of Bengalis from Bangladesh during this time has resulted in widespread insurgency and militancy in the state with groups such as the Tripura National Volunteers, the National Liberation Front of Tripura and the All Tripura Tiger Force aiming to drive away the Bengali people. This is the Tripura Rebellion.
Tripura is a landlocked hilly state in northeastern India with altitudes varying from 15 to 940 m above sea level, though the majority of the population lives in the plains. Tripura has a tropical climate and receives rainfall during the monsoons. It is surrounded on the north, west, and south by Bangladesh and is accessible to the rest of India through the Karimganj district of Assam and Aizawl district of Mizoram in the east. The state extends between 22°56'N and 24°32'N and 90°09'E and 92°10'E. Its maximum stretch measures about 184 km (114 mi) from north to south and 113 km (70 mi) from east to west with an area of 10,491.69 km². Tripura is the third smallest state of the country.
Although landlocked, Tripura has many rivers including the Manu River which originates here
Tripura's gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $2.1 billion in current prices.Agriculture and allied activities is the mainstay of the people of Tripura and provides employment to about 64% of the population. There is a preponderance of food crop cultivation over cash crop cultivation in Tripura. At present about 62% of the net sown area is under food crop cultivation. Rice is the principal crop, followed by oilseed, pulses, potato, and sugarcane. Tea and rubber are the important cash crops of the State. Tripura has been declared the Second Rubber Capital of India after Kerala by the Indian Rubber Board. Handicraft, particularly hand-woven cotton fabric, wood carvings, and bamboo products, are also important. The per capita income at current prices of the state stands at 
10,931 and at constant prices 6,813 in the financial year 2000-2001.
10,931 and at constant prices 6,813 in the financial year 2000-2001.
High quality timber including sal, garjan, teak, and Gamar are found abundantly in the forests of Tripura. Tripura has poor mineral resources, with meagre deposits of kaolin, iron ore, limestone, coal but this state has considerable amount of natural gas. The industrial sector of the state continues to be highly underdeveloped.ONGC has its natural gas gathering station & GAIL has marketing terminals of Natural gas in north, west and south part of tripura. ONGC and Tripura state government going to establish 700MW power plant at Palatana in south tripura.